HPV Treatment

What is HPV?  
HPV (human papillomavirus, human papilloma virus) is a virus that can cause cervical cancer and genital warts (condyloma). It is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. There is a direct relationship between HPV and cervical cancer. HPV is responsible for most cervical cancers. Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers in women and approximately 500,000 women worldwide are diagnosed with cervical cancer (cervical cancer) and approximately 280,000 women die from cervical cancer annually. So, how is this virus that causes cervical cancer, which is an important health problem, transmitted, what is the process after infection and is there a treatment?
What is the frequency of HPV infection and transmission routes?
  Studies have found that the prevalence of HPV in young women is approximately 20%. In other words, approximately one in every 5 women in our country has HPV infection. HPV is most commonly transmitted during sexual intercourse. The risk of HPV transmission increases with the number of sexual partners.
What is the course of HPV after infection?
Low-risk HPV types (types 6 and 11) settle on the external genital organs and cause genital warts. High-risk HPV types (HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 31, HPV 33, 35, 45, 51, 52...) settle in the cervix and pose a risk for cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a life-threatening condition due to HPV infection. However, not every woman whose cervix is infected with HPV develops cervical cancer. In many women, HPV infecting the cervix is cleared from the cervix by the immune system and the cancer process does not start. In patients with persistent HPV in the cervix, the cancer process starts. HPV, which enters cell DNA, causes genetic changes that lead to cancer and uncontrolled cell proliferation begins. Cancer does not develop immediately after HPV becomes permanent in the cervix. Cervical cancer develops years (about 5-10 years) after persistent HPV infection. Some precursor diseases occur before cervical cancer develops. The precursor diseases of cervical cancer are called CIN1, CIN2, CIN3. CIN3 is the last stop before cervical cancer. The disease progresses to cancer after these precursor stages have passed over the years. For this reason, treatment is possible without cervical cancer in a woman who has regular check-ups.
How is HPV diagnosed? How is the HPV test done?
HPV can be diagnosed with a special sample taken from the cervix (HPV test). With the HPV pcr test, it can be determined whether there is HPV in the cervix and, if so, which type of HPV is positive. The HPV test is different from the cervical pap smear test. The HPV test is the most successful test in detecting the risk of cervical cancer and is more effective than the PAP smear test. The price of the HPV test varies according to the quality of the laboratory and the quality of the PCR kit used. In addition, typing, that is, determining which HPV type is positive, also affects the price.
Is there a treatment for HPV?
  Unfortunately, there is no drug treatment that directly targets HPV and removes it from the body. Therefore, our immune system is the most important weapon in the fight against HPV. The most common situation after HPV infection is the elimination of HPV from the body by the immune system. In other words, HPV is cleared from the body by the immune system within the first 1 year. However, in some patients, the immune system cannot clear HPV from the body and a permanent HPV infection occurs in the cervix. Permanent HPV infection starts the process of cervical cancer. So why is HPV cleared from the body by the immune system in some patients, while in others it is permanent and causes cervical cancer?

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